Method
- Bring a large pot (6 quarts) of water to a boil over high heat and stir in 2 tablespoons kosher salt so it tastes like seawater; this will season the penne as it cooks.
- In a large, deep skillet or wide pot (at least 12-inch), heat the olive oil and butter together over medium heat until the butter melts and foams slightly, about 1 minute.
- Add the chopped onion and cook for 5 to 6 minutes, stirring occasionally, until it turns soft and translucent but not browned; lower the heat if it starts to color too fast.
- Add the minced garlic and red pepper flakes and cook for 30 to 60 seconds, stirring constantly, just until fragrant; pull it off the heat briefly if it looks like it's browning, since burnt garlic turns bitter.
- Carefully pour in the 1/3 cup vodka, standing back slightly since it may briefly flare up near an open flame, and let it simmer for 2 to 3 minutes, stirring, until the sharp alcohol smell fades and only about half the liquid remains.
- Add the penne to the boiling water and cook for 1 minute less than the package instructions, until just shy of tender with a slight firm bite, then reserve 1 cup of pasta water before draining.
- While the pasta cooks, stir the crushed tomatoes and 1/2 teaspoon salt into the vodka mixture, bring to a gentle simmer over medium-low heat, and cook uncovered for 10 to 12 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the sauce thickens slightly and darkens in color.
- Reduce the heat to low and stir in the heavy cream, simmering gently for 2 minutes until the sauce turns a pale orange-pink and looks smooth and glossy; do not let it boil hard, which can cause the cream to separate.
- Stir in the 1/2 cup Parmesan cheese until melted and fully incorporated into the sauce.
- Drain the penne (without rinsing) and add it directly to the skillet with the sauce, tossing with tongs to coat every piece.
- If the sauce looks too thick to coat the pasta evenly, add the reserved pasta water 2 tablespoons at a time, tossing between additions, until the sauce clings to the penne rather than pooling underneath.
- Taste and adjust with a pinch more salt if needed, then remove from heat and fold in the torn basil leaves just before serving so they stay bright green.
- Divide among 4 bowls and top with extra grated Parmesan and a few more basil leaves.
Tips
Simmer the vodka long enough for the sharp alcohol smell to fully cook off; if you still smell straight alcohol, the sauce needs another minute or two.
Add the cream over low heat and keep the sauce at a gentle simmer, not a rolling boil, to prevent it from breaking or looking curdled.